What Is a Thyroid Collar? Essential Protection Every Radiologist Should Use

In medical imaging and interventional procedures, the thyroid gland is one of the most radiosensitive organs in the human body. Even low doses of scatter radiation can accumulate over years, increasing the risk of thyroid disorders, including nodules and cancer.

While lead aprons and protective glasses shield the torso and eyes, the thyroid collar provides essential protection for the neck area. For radiologists, imaging technicians, and surgical staff, consistent use of a thyroid collar is critical for long-term occupational safety.

This comprehensive guide explains what a thyroid collar is, how it works, different types, recommended lead equivalence, regulatory requirements, and tips for proper selection and maintenance.

1. Understanding the Thyroid Gland and Radiation Risks

The thyroid gland:

• Is located in the lower front part of the neck

• Produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development

• Is highly sensitive to ionizing radiation

Occupational Exposure Risks

• Repeated exposure to scatter radiation from X-rays, fluoroscopy, or C-arm procedures can:

• Cause DNA damage to thyroid cells

• Increase the risk of thyroid nodules or cancer

• Lead to long-term health consequences if not adequately protected

Even though the dose per procedure is relatively low, cumulative exposure over years makes thyroid protection essential.

2. What Is a Thyroid Collar?

A thyroid collar is a protective accessory made of lead or lead-equivalent materials designed to shield the thyroid gland from scatter radiation.

Key features:

• Wraps around the front and sides of the neck

• Typically adjustable for comfort and secure fit

• Can be worn over or under lead aprons

• Available in both lead and lead-free materials

Thyroid collars are a standard part of personal protective equipment (PPE) in medical imaging rooms, especially where scatter radiation is present.

3. Lead Equivalence for Thyroid Collars

Thyroid collars are rated by lead equivalence (mm Pb), which measures the material's ability to attenuate X-rays relative to pure lead.

Note: In high-dose procedures, 0.50 mm Pb or lead-free equivalent is recommended for maximum protection.

4. Types of Thyroid Collars

A. Standard Collar

• Wraps only the front of the neck

• Lightweight and easy to wear

• Suitable for low-exposure environments (e.g., dental clinics, general X-ray)

B. Wraparound Collar

• Covers front and sides of the neck

• Provides superior protection against scatter from multiple angles

• Ideal for interventional radiology, surgery, and fluoroscopy

C. Lead-Free Collar

• Uses bismuth, tungsten, or composite materials

• Lighter and more comfortable for long procedures

• Equivalent protection if certified

5. Proper Fit and Ergonomics

A thyroid collar must be worn consistently to be effective. Poor fit can lead to gaps in protection or discomfort that discourages usage.

Tips for proper fit:

Adjustable straps or Velcro for secure placement

Ensure coverage of the thyroid and part of the lower neck

Avoid excessive tightness that restricts movement or breathing

Lightweight materials for staff comfort during long procedures

Ergonomic considerations improve compliance and reduce strain on the neck and shoulders.

6. Combining Thyroid Collars with Other Protective Equipment

Thyroid collars are most effective when combined with:

• Lead aprons or lead-free wraparound aprons

• Lead glasses for eye protection

• Lead gloves for hand protection in interventional procedures

• Mobile shields or lead barriers for additional scatter reduction

Integrated protection ensures minimal exposure to all sensitive areas of the body.

7. Regulatory Guidelines and Compliance

Thyroid collars are mandated or strongly recommended by occupational safety authorities:

Compliance protects staff health, reduces liability, and ensures regulatory adherence.

8. Common Mistakes in Thyroid Protection

Not wearing a collar
Even brief exposure to scatter radiation without a collar increases cumulative risk.

Incorrect fit
Collars that are too loose leave gaps; too tight causes discomfort.

Using old or cracked collars
Lead or composite materials can develop cracks, reducing protection.

Assuming aprons provide neck protection
Standard aprons do not cover the thyroid; a separate collar is essential.

9. Selecting the Right Thyroid Collar

Consider the following when choosing a collar:

• Lead equivalence appropriate for your exposure level

• Material type: lead vs. lead-free

• Fit and adjustability for comfort

• Certification: IEC, CE, ASTM

• Weight: lighter models improve compliance and reduce fatigue

• Durability: inspect annually for cracks or damage

A well-selected collar maximizes safety without compromising comfort or workflow.

10. Maintenance and Inspection

Regular maintenance ensures continued protection:

• Annual fluoroscopy check for internal cracks

• Visual inspection for tears or worn straps

• Proper storage: hang or flat storage to prevent deformation

• Cleaning: mild soap and soft cloth; avoid harsh chemicals

Proper care prolongs the lifespan and reliability of the thyroid collar.

11. Advantages of Lead-Free Thyroid Collars

Lead-free collars offer several benefits:

• Reduced weight improves staff comfort

• Environmentally safe without toxic lead

• Flexible designs allow wraparound protection

• Equivalent radiation attenuation if certified

These features make lead-free collars increasingly popular in high-volume imaging and interventional suites.

12. Conclusion

The thyroid gland is highly radiosensitive, making protection essential for anyone working in medical imaging. A thyroid collar:

• Shields the neck from scatter radiation

• Reduces cumulative radiation exposure

• Can be made of lead or lead-free materials

• Should fit securely and comfortably

• Complements other PPE like aprons, gloves, and lead glasses

Proper selection, fit, and maintenance of thyroid collars are critical for long-term occupational safety.

For reliable thyroid protection, Longyue Medical provides a full range of certified lead and lead-free thyroid collars designed for comfort, durability, and maximum radiation shielding. Our products are ideal for radiologists, imaging technicians, and surgical staff across all clinical environments.

Visit www.longyuemedical.comor contact lyylqx@126.com for expert advice, product specifications, and bulk purchasing options.